Introduction
What makes a chair truly exceptional? According to Danish designer Hans Wegner, it's all about the beauty that can be appreciated from every angle. This philosophy laid the foundation for his remarkable collection of 500 chairs, each one meticulously designed and crafted. However, it was his 1949 Round Chair that earned the coveted title of "The Chair," a distinction unmatched by any other design. Let's explore the story behind this iconic piece and its lasting impact on the world of furniture.
The Beauty of Danish Modern Design
Wegner's Round Chair gained widespread recognition as "the most beautiful chair in the world" when it graced the cover of Interiors magazine in 1950. This masterpiece, characterized by elegant lines, functional forms, and expert joinery, became a symbol of Danish Modern design. Wegner, along with Arne Jacobsen, Poul Kjærholm, Finn Juhl, and Børge Mogensen, helped shape the Modern design movement of the 1950s and '60s. The Chair was a testament to Wegner's desire to create something uniquely Danish, a piece that embodied the essence of Danish craftsmanship.
Craftsmanship: The Heart of The Chair
Wegner's journey to becoming a renowned furniture designer started with his apprenticeship under cabinetmaker H.F. Stahlberg. He honed his skills at the Copenhagen School of Arts and Crafts and worked in prestigious design studios before establishing his own office in 1943. The Chair was born out of a collaboration between Wegner and furniture maker Johannes Hansen. Today, Wegner's designs continue to be produced by Danish company PP Møbler, carrying on his legacy of craftsmanship and artistry.
The Distinctive Design
The Chair is a perfect blend of masterful technique and organic forms. It features four straight legs, two arm rails, and one curved back rail, crafted from a selection of warm woods. The seat is available in either airy woven cane or luxurious leather upholstery. Wegner's attention to detail is evident in the chair's decorative features, such as the beautiful zigzag patterns accentuating the joints. The vibrantly turned shaping of the back adds to the chair's expressive form, creating a harmonious balance between aesthetics and functionality.
Hans J. Wegner and woodcutting machinist Henry Fisker in the studio Courtesy of PP Møbler
The Evolution of Design
Wegner's design process was marked by constant refinement and improvement. In the Chair's early stages, exterior dowels were used to join the top rails and curved back and armrests. However, Wegner realized that these dowels and the wood might deform over time. To address this, he introduced interior wedged mortise and tenons, ensuring a seamless line and reinforcing the strength and beauty of the wood. Wegner's craftsmanship and attention to detail set him apart as a true master of his trade.
The Global Impact of Wegner's Vision
Wegner's influence on global design cannot be overstated. His commitment to fully developing a design before putting it into production showcased his skills as both a craftsman and a designer. Wegner's deep respect for woodworking traditions and his collaboration with craftsmen paved the way for the concept of "democratic design," a term now associated with the harmonious interaction between craftsmen and designers. The Round Chair served as a breakthrough, representing a logical and functional approach to design.
The Chair's Legacy
In 1960, a decade after its debut, The Chair made history once again when it was selected for use in the first-ever televised U.S. presidential debate between Richard Nixon and John F. Kennedy. This iconic chair, with its comfort and quality, captured the essence of modernity and the promise of a future-focused America. Today, The Chair continues to be used by world leaders and renowned institutions, while garnering a new generation of admirers amidst the resurgence of midcentury modern design.
The Chair made history as part of the first-ever televised US presidential debate between Kennedy and Nixon. © CBS Photo Archive/Getty Images
Embracing Perfection
To Wegner, the pursuit of the perfect chair was a never-ending task. He regarded The Chair as his most precious design, a culmination of his vision and expertise. Wegner's legacy continues to inspire and shape the future of furniture design. As we celebrate his contributions to Danish Modern design, we hold in our hands not just a chair, but a piece of history and a testament to the enduring power of exceptional craftsmanship.
All images in the gallery generously provided by PP Møbler.
